Judge Xue Hanqin is a Judge of the International Court of Justice in The Hague. Before being appointed to this post in 2010, she served as member of the U.N. International Law Commission and Chairman of the Commission. She has also served as Director-General, Law and Treaty Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, Ambassador of China to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Permanent Representative to the Organization on the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, and Ambassador of China to ASEAN. She is also a member of the International Council of Arbitration for Sport.

In the academic field, Judge Xue served as Vice-President and Council member of the Chinese Society of International Law and President of the Asian Society of International Law. She is a member of the Curatorium of the Hague Academy of International Law, Professor at Wuhan University School of Law, and a member of the Institut de Droit International.